Kosovo

Level 4

Same-sex sexual activity

 Legal from 1858, when part of the Ottoman Empire, again in 1994 (As part ofYugoslavia)[38]

Level:

1.Life= ; 2.Health= ; 3.Mental= ; 4.Rape= ; 5.Defect= ; 6.Social= ;

7.Demand= ;

Transnistria

Level 1

Same-sex sexual activity

 Legal since 2002[483]

Level:

1.Life= ; 2.Health= ; 3.Mental= ; 4.Rape= ; 5.Defect= ; 6.Social= ;

7.Demand= ;

 Australia
(including territories of
 Christmas Island,
 Cocos (Keeling) Islands and
 Norfolk Island)

Level 5 ½

Recognition of same-sex unions

Unregistered cohabitation since 2009

Domestic patnership inTasmania(2004),[485]South Australia(2007),[486]Victoria(2008),[487]New South Wales(2010)[488] andQueensland(2012)[489];
Civil union in the Australian Capital Territory(2012)[490]

Level: 7 Fully Enabled to terminate unborn children

1.Life=Y ; 2.Health=Y ; 3.Mental=Y ; 4.Rape=Y ; 5.Defect=Y ; 6.Social=Y ;

7.Demand=Y ;

Australia

Fully prostitution enabled,

Population: 21,262,641

Prostitution: Limited Legality
The law varies depending on the state from decriminalized to legally regulated to criminal. Click on the PLA Summary on the left to see a description of each state.

Brothel Ownership: Limited Legality
4 states permit brothels, 1 allows as part of a containment policy, and 3 prohibit.

Pimping: Limited Legality

"Foreign backpackers visiting Queensland have been earning money as illegal prostitutes and damaging legitimate operators, the legal brothel industry has claimed. Queensland Adult Business Association Nick Inskip said the illegal sex industry was undermining efforts by the legal industry to make a profit and uphold health and safety standards.... 'They can charge less because they are not paying GST, staff costs for managers and receptionists, or have a registered business name,' Mr Inskip said.

...One solution could be allowing legal brothels to operate outcall services, he said. But the proposal has previously been rejected by the Crime and Misconduct Commission and the state government. Queensland currently has 23 legal brothels operating in city and regional areas. Police figures show the number of prostitution offences reported in Queensland increased from 362 to 600 in 2005-06."

 New Zealand

Level 7 Fully Enabled

Same-sex marriage

 Legal since 2013[494]

Level:

1.Life=Y ; 2.Health=Y ; 3.Mental=Y ; 4.Rape=N ; 5.Defect=Y ; 6.Social=N ;

7.Demand=N ;

New Zealand

Fully prostitution enabled,

Fully prostitution enabled,Population: 4,213,418

Frequently Asked Questions (FAQ) - Prostitution Law Reform (64 KB) 

International Approaches to Decriminalising or Legalising Prostitution 

Prostitution: Legal
Since 2003 prostitution has been decriminalized. It is legal for citizens over 18 years old.

Brothel Ownership: Legal
Owners must be over 18 years old, a citizen of New Zealand or Australia, and have an Operator's Certificate. Only applicants with serious criminal convictions will be denied.

Pimping: Legal
No laws against living off the avails of prostitution.

"Parliament tonight passed prostitution law changes when MPs voted 60-59 in favour of a bill which raised passionate debate and drew the strongest opposition from moral conservatives since homosexual law reform 17 years ago.

Labour MP Tim Barnett's Prostitution Reform Bill will become law after nearly three years of scrutiny, 415 hours of debate by Parliament and its committees and 222 public submissions.

It decriminalises prostitution and establishes a legal framework around the sex industry, with licensed brothels operating under public health and employment laws."

"Prostitution Decriminalised, Brothels to be Licensed," New Zealand Herald, June 25, 2003

 Fiji

Level 2

Same-sex asexual activity

 Legal since 2010
+ UN decl. sign.[495][38]

Level: 4

1.Life=Y ; 2.Health=Y ; 3.Mental=Y ; 4.Rape=? ; 5.Defect=? ; 6.Social=Y ;

7.Demand=N ;

 New Caledonia
(overseas collectivity of France)

Level 7 Fully Enabled

 Legal since 2013

Level:

1.Life= ; 2.Health= ; 3.Mental= ; 4.Rape= ; 5.Defect= ; 6.Social= ;

7.Demand= ;

 Papua New Guinea

Level ½

Same Sex-sexual activity

 Male illegal
Penalty: 3 to 14 years imprisonment (Not enforced)
 Female always legal[38]

Level: 3

1.Life=1 ; 2.Health=1 ; 3.Mental=1 ; 4.Rape=N ; 5.Defect=N ; 6.Social=N ;

7.Demand=N ;

 Vanuatu

Level 1

Same-sex sexual activity

 Legal since 2007
+ UN decl. sign.[38]

Level: 3

1.Life=Y ; 2.Health=Y ; 3.Mental=Y ; 4.Rape=N ; 5.Defect=N ; 6.Social=N ;

7.Demand=N ;

Guam
(Unincorporated territory of the United States)

Level 7 Fully Enabled

Same-sex marriage

 Legal since 2015

Level:

1.Life= ; 2.Health= ; 3.Mental= ; 4.Rape= ; 5.Defect= ; 6.Social= ;

7.Demand= ;

Federated States of Micronesia

Level 1

Same-sex marriage

 Legal
+ UN decl. sign.[38]

Level:

1.Life= ; 2.Health= ; 3.Mental= ; 4.Rape= ; 5.Defect= ; 6.Social= ;

7.Demand= ;

 Kiribati

Level ½

Same-sex sexual activity

 Male illegal
Penalty: 5-14 years imprisonment (Not enforced)
 Female legal[38]

Level: 1

1.Life=Y ; 2.Health=N ; 3.Mental=N ; 4.Rape=N ; 5.Defect=N ; 6.Social=N ;

7.Demand=N ;

 Marshall Islands

Level 1

Same-sex sexual activity

 Legal since 2005
+ UN decl. sign.[38]

Level: 1

1.Life=R ; 2.Health=N ; 3.Mental=N ; 4.Rape=N ; 5.Defect=N ; 6.Social=N ;

7.Demand=N ;

 Nauru

Level ½

Same-sex sexual activity

 Male illegal
Penalty: 3-14 years imprisonment (Not enforced)
 Female legal
+ UN decl. sign.[38]

Level: 3

1.Life=R ; 2.Health=R ; 3.Mental=R ; 4.Rape=N ; 5.Defect=N ; 6.Social=N ;

7.Demand=N ;

 Northern Mariana Islands
(Unincorporated territory of theUnited States)

Level 7 Fully Enabled

Same-sex marriage

 Legal since 2015

Level:

1.Life= ; 2.Health= ; 3.Mental= ; 4.Rape= ; 5.Defect= ; 6.Social= ;

7.Demand= ;

 Palau

Level 1

Same-sex sexual activity

 Legal since 2014
+ UN decl. sign.[496]

Level: 1

1.Life=Y ; 2.Health=N ; 3.Mental=N ; 4.Rape=N ; 5.Defect=N ; 6.Social=N ;

7.Demand=N ;

 American Samoa
(Unincorporated territory of the United States)[497]

Level 4

Same-sex sexual activity

 Legal since 1980
+ UN decl. sign.[38]

Level:

1.Life= ; 2.Health= ; 3.Mental= ; 4.Rape= ; 5.Defect= ; 6.Social= ;

7.Demand= ;

 Easter Island
(Overseas territory of Chile)

Level 5

Recognition of same-sex union

 Civil union since 2015.

Level:

1.Life= ; 2.Health= ; 3.Mental= ; 4.Rape= ; 5.Defect= ; 6.Social= ;

7.Demand= ;

 Cook Islands
(Part of the Realm of New Zealand)

Level 2 ½

Same-sex sexual activity

 Male illegal
Penalty: 5-14 years imprisonment (Not enforced)
 Female legal
+ UN decl. sign.[38]

Level: 3

1.Life=Y ; 2.Health=Y ; 3.Mental=Y ; 4.Rape=N ; 5.Defect=N ; 6.Social=N ;

7.Demand=N ;

 French Polynesia
(Overseas collectivity of France)

level 7 Fully Enabled

Same-sex marriage

 Legal since 2013

Level:

1.Life= ; 2.Health= ; 3.Mental= ; 4.Rape= ; 5.Defect= ; 6.Social= ;

7.Demand= ;